Efungumab

Chemical compound

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Efungumab (trade name Mycograb) was a drug developed by NeuTec Pharma (a subsidiary of Novartis), intended to treat candidemia (a bloodstream infection caused by pathogenic yeast) in combination with amphotericin B. The European Medicines Agency has twice refused to grant marketing authorization for Mycograb, citing product safety and quality issues.^[1]

Chemically, efungumab is a single-chain variable fragment of a human monoclonal antibody.^[2] As such, it "grabs" onto fungal hsp90, hence its proposed trade name.

Its ability to potentiate the effects of the antifungal amphotericin B in culture were later found to be non-specific.^[3]

References

^ European Medicines Agency (2007). "REFUSAL CHMP ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR MYCOGRAB. Procedure No. EMEA/H/C/658" (PDF). (370 KiB). London: European Medicines Agency. Retrieved on 2007-11-20. Detailed assessment report with comprehensive overview of reasons for refusal of marketing authorization.
^ World Health Organization (2006). "International Nonproprietary Names for Pharmaceutical Substances (INN). Proposed INN: List 95" (PDF). WHO Drug Information. 20 (2): 48. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 19, 2007.
^ Richie DL, Ghannoum MA, Isham N, Thompson KV, Ryder NS (2012). "Nonspecific effect of Mycograb on amphotericin B MIC". Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 56 (7): 3963–4. doi:10.1128/AAC.00435-12. PMC 3393390. PMID 22508314.

Monoclonal antibodies for infectious disease and toxins

Fungal

Human	Efungumab^†

Viral

Human	Ansuvimab Atoltivimab (+maftivimab/odesivimab) Avdoralimab^§ Bamlanivimab^† (+etesevimab)^† Bebtelovimab^§ Casirivimab^† (+imdevimab) Cilgavimab^† (+tixagevimab)^† Diridavumab^§ Etesevimab^† Exbivirumab^§ Foravirumab^§ Imdevimab^† (+casirivimab) Libivirumab^§ Maftivimab Nirsevimab^† Odesivimab Pemivibart Rafivirumab^§ Regavirumab^§ Regdanvimab Sevirumab^† Sotrovimab Suptavumab Tixagevimab^† (+cilgavimab)^† Tuvirumab^§
Chimeric	Cosfroviximab Larcaviximab Porgaviximab Vilobelimab^†
Humanized	Felvizumab^§ Lenvervimab^† Motavizumab^† Palivizumab Suvizumab^§