Janid dynasty

Rulers of the Khanate of Bukhara from 1599 unti 1785

The Janids or Astrakhanids were a Muslim ruling dynasty in Central Asia. They ruled the Khanate of Bukhara from 1599 unti 1785.

History

In 1598, Abdullah Khan II from the Shaybanid dynasty, who had rule the Khanate of Bukhara since 1583, died.^[1]

After his death, the throne passed to his only son Abd al-Mumin, but he was soon killed by rebels.^[2] As the son of Abd al-Mumin was only two years old, the first cousin of Abdullah Khan II, Pir Muhammad II, was chosen as new Khan.^[3] This appointment was contested by several other rulers, like Tauekel Khan of the Kazakhs, Kasim Sultan and Baqi Muhammad, whose mother was Abdullah Khan's sister and whose father a prince from Astrakhan named Jani Muhammed Beg.

Baqi Muhammad was victorious and Pir Muhammad II was killed in battle.^[4] With his death, the Shaybanid dynasty ended, and Baqi Muhammad became the first Khan of the Janid or Ashtarkhanid dynasty.

The name Janid, comes from his father Jani Muhammed Beg. He was the son of Prince Yar Muhammed, who was a member of the Tuqay-Timurid who had ruled the Astrakhan Khanate, until they were chased by the Russians in 1555.^[5]

The Janid dynasty ruled the Bukhara Khanate from 1599 to 1785.
In 1740, Bukhara was conquered by Persia, but Abu al-Fayz Khan remained on the throne. The real power was in the hands of Ataliq Muhammad Rahim, who even had the Khan killed in 1747. The successors of the Khan were all puppets in the hands of their Ataliqs.This situation ended when the new Ataliq Shah Murad deposed Khan Abu'l Ghazi, pronounced himself Emir of Bukhara and created his own Manghud dynasty.

Rulers

Baqi Muhammad Khan (1599–1605)
Vali Muhammad Khan (1605–1611)
Imam Quli Khan (1611–1642)
Nadr Muhammad Khan (1642–1645)
Abd al-Aziz Khan (1645–1680)
Subhan Quli Khan (1680–1702)^[6]^[7]^[8]
Ubaidullah Khan (1702–1711)^[9]
Abu al-Fayz Khan (1711–1747)
Muhammad Abd al-Mumin (1747–1748, nominal)
Muhammad Ubaidullah II (1748–1753, nominal)
Abu'l Ghazi (1758–1785, nominal)

Family Tree

Astrakhanid Dynasty

Golden Horde (Before Islamization)
Golden Horde (After Islamization)
White Horde
Bukhara Khanate

Jochi
r. 1225–1227

Tuqa-Timur

Kay-Timur

Abay

Numqan

Qutluq-Timur

Uljay-Timur
r. 1368–1368
r. 1368–1368

Timur-Qutluq
r. 1395–1399

Timur
r. 1410–1411

Küchük Muhammad
r. 1428–1459

Chuwaq

Mangishlaq

Yar-Muhammad II
r. 1599–1601

Jani-Muhammad
r. 1601–1603

Din-Muhammad

Baqi-Muhammad
r. 1603–1605

Wali-Muhammad
r. 1605–1611

Imam-Quli
r. 1611–1642

Nadir-Muhammad
r. 1642–1645

Abdul-Aziz
r. 1645–1681

Subhan-Quli
r. 1681–1702

Ubaydullah II
r. 1702–1711

Abu'l-Fayz
r. 1711–1747

Abu'l-Mu'min
r. 1747–1751

Ubaydullah III
r. 1751–1754

Shir-Ghazi
r. 1754–1756

Daughter of
Abu'l-Fayz

Muhammad-Hajji-Sultan

Abu'l-Ghazi
r. 1758–1785

References

^ Welsford page 39
^ Welsford page 44-45
^ Welsford page 47-48
^ Welsford page 144
^ Welsford page 50-54
^ László Karoly (14 November 2014). A Turkic Medical Treatise from Islamic Central Asia: A Critical Edition of a Seventeenth-Century Chagatay Work by Subḥān Qulï Khan. BRILL. pp. 5–. ISBN 978-90-04-28498-2.
^ Orvostörténeti Közlemények: Communicationes de historia artis medicinae. Könyvtár. 2006. p. 52.
^ Nil Sarı; International Society of the History of Medicine (2005). Otuz Sekizinci Uluslararası Tıp Tarihi Kongresi Bildiri Kitabı, 1–6 Eylül 2002. Türk Tarih Kurumu. p. 845. ISBN 9789751618252.
^ Wilde, Andreas (2016). What is Beyond the River?: Power, Authority, and Social Order in Transoxania 18th–19th Centuries. Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften. ISBN 978-3-7001-7866-8.