List of battles involving the Ghurid dynasty
This is an incomplete list of battles fought by the Ghurids.
India/Pakistan | Turkmenistan | Afghanistan | Iran | Uzbekistan |
( Color legend for the location of the battle )
Year | Name | Location | Ghurid commander | Opponent | Victor |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1011 | Ghaznavid invasion of Ghur | Ghur | Muhammad ibn Suri | Mahmud of Ghazni(Ghaznavids) | Ghaznavids[1] |
1107-1108 | Seljuq invasion of Ghur | Ghur | Izz al-Din Husayn | Ahmad Sanjar(Seljuq Empire) | Seljuq Empire[2][3] |
1148 | 1st Battle of Ghazni | Ghazni | Sayf al-Din Suri | Bahram-Shah of Ghazna(Ghaznavids) | Ghurids[4] |
1149 | Battle of Sang-i Surakh | Near upper part of the Helmand River | Sayf al-Din Suri | Bahram-Shah of Ghazna(Ghaznavids) | Ghaznavids |
1151 | 2nd Battle of Ghazni | Ghazni | Ala al-Din Husayn | Bahram-Shah of Ghazna(Ghaznavids) | Ghurids[5] |
1152 | Battle of Nab | Near Herat | Ala al-Din Husayn Ali Chatri | Ahmad Sanjar(Seljuq Empire) | Seljuq Empire[3] |
1163 | Battle of Ragh-i Zar | Between Firuzkuh and Herat | Ghiyas ad-Din Ghori Muhammad of Ghor | Fakhr al-Din Masud Tadj al-Din Yildiz | Ghiyas ad-Din Ghori becomes victorious and suppresses the revolt.[6] |
1173 | 3rd Battle of Ghazni | Ghazni | Muhammad of Ghor | Oghuz ruler of Ghazni | Ghurids |
1175 | Battle of Multan | Multan | Muhammad of Ghor | Khafif (Qarmatians)[7] | Ghurids[8] |
1175 | Battle of Herat | Herat | Ghiyas ad-Din Ghori | Baha al-Din Toghril(Seljuq Empire) | Ghurids[6] |
1176 | Siege of Uch | Uch | Muhammad of Ghor | Bhatis or Qarmatians | Ghurids[9] |
1178 | Battle of Kasahrada | North-east of Anhilwara | Muhammad of Ghor | Mularaja II (Chaulukya dynasty) | Rajputs |
1185 | Siege of Sialkot | Sialkot | Husain Kharmil (Ghurid general) | Khusrau Malik (Ghaznavids) | Ghurids [10] |
1186 | Siege of Lahore (1186) | Lahore | Muhammad of Ghor | Khusrau Malik(Ghaznavids) | Ghurids[11] |
1192 | Battle of Merv | Merv | Ghiyas ad-Din Ghori Muhammad of Ghor | Sultan Shah of Khwarezm(Khwarazmians) | Ghurids[12] |
1191 | First Battle of Tarain | Near Thanesar | Muhammad of Ghor | Prithviraj Chauhan(Chauhan dynasty) | Rajputs[13] |
1192 | Second Battle of Tarain | Near Thanesar | Muhammad of Ghor | Prithviraj Chauhan(Chauhan dynasty) | Ghurids[13] |
1192 | Battle of Bagar | Bagar | Qutb ud-Din Aibak | Jatwan(subordinate of Prithviraj Chauhan) | Ghurids[14] |
1193/4 | Battle of Chandawar | Chandawar | Muhammad of Ghor(Ghurid general) | Jaichand of Kannauj(Gahadvala dynasty) | Ghurids[15] |
1197 | Battle of Kasahrada (1197) | Mount Abu | Qutb al-Din Aibak | Bhima II (Chaulukya dynasty) | Ghurids |
1197 | Siege of Gwalior (1196) | Gwalior | Qutb al-Din Aibak Bahauddin Tughril | Sulakshanapala (Parihar Rajputs) | Ghurids |
1196 | Siege of Bayana | Bayana | Muhammad of Ghor | Kumarpala (Jadauns) | Ghurids[16] |
1200/1 | Battle of Nishapur | Nishapur | Ghiyas ad-Din Ghori Muhammad of Ghor | Muhammad II of Khwarezm(Khwarazmians) | Ghurids[17][18] |
1203 | Siege of Kalinjar | Kalinjar | Qutb-ud-din Aibak Iltutmish | Paramardi (Chandelas of Jejakabhukti) | Ghurids |
1203 | Ghurid conquest of Bengal | Nabadwip | Bakhtiyar Khalji | Lakshmana Sena (Sena Dynasty) | Ghurids |
1204 | Battle of Andkhud | Banks of the Oxus River | Muhammad of Ghor | Muhammad II of Khwarezm(Khwarazmians) | Qara Khitai |
1205 February–March | Revolt of Khokars | Between Lahore and Multan | Muhammad of Ghor | Khokars chiefs | Ghurids[19] |
References
- ^ Eliot and Dowson, The History of India, as Told by Its Own Historians, Vol.2, 286.
- ^ History of Civilizations of Central Asia, C.E. Bosworth, M.S. Asimov, p. 185.
- ^ a b Ghurids, C.E. Bosworth, Encyclopedia of Islam, Vol.2, ed. Bernard Lewis, C. Pellat and J. Schacht, (E.J.Brill, 1991), 1100.
- ^ C.E. Bosworth, The Later Ghaznavids, 113-114.
- ^ Jaques 2007, p. 392
- ^ a b The Iranian World, C.E. Bosworth, The Cambridge History of Iran, Vol. 5, ed. J. A. Boyle, John Andrew Boyle, (Cambridge University Press, 1968), 163.
- ^ Andre Wink (1991). Al-Hind the Making of the Indo-Islamic World: The Slave Kings and the Islamic Conquest : 11Th-13th Centuries. BRILL. p. 245. ISBN 9004102361.
- ^ Andre Wink, Al-Hind: The Making of the Indo-Islamic World, Vol. 2, 244.
- ^ Andre Wink (1991). Al-Hind the Making of the Indo-Islamic World: The Slave Kings and the Islamic Conquest : 11Th-13th Centuries. BRILL. p. 244. ISBN 9004102361.
- ^ Mohammad Habib (1981). K. A. Nizami (ed.). Politics and Society During the Early Medieval Period: Collected Works of Professor Mohammad Habib. People's Publishing House. p. 111.
- ^ Ghaznavids, C.E. Bosworth, Encyclopedia Iranica
- ^ Encyclopedia Iranica, Ghurids, Edmund Bosworth, Online Edition 2007, ([1])
- ^ a b A Global Chronology of Conflict: From the Ancient World to the Modern Middle East, Vol. I, ed. Spencer C. Tucker, (ABC-CLIO, 2010), 263.
- ^ Jain, Meenakshi (2011-01-01). THE INDIA THEY SAW (VOL-2): Bestseller Book by Meenakshi Jain: THE INDIA THEY SAW (VOL-2). Prabhat Prakashan. p. 240. ISBN 978-81-8430-107-6.
- ^ Carnegy, P. (1873). "Benoudha, Part III". Calcutta Review. 56 (109): 43–58, pages 50 to 52.
- ^ K. A. Nizami (1970). "FOUNDATION OF THE DELHI SULTANAT". In Mohammad Habib; Khaliq Ahmad Nizami (eds.). A Comprehensive History of India: The Delhi Sultanat (A.D. 1206-1526). Vol. 5 (Second ed.). The Indian History Congress / People's Publishing House. p. 171. OCLC 31870180.
In 592/1195-96 Muizzuddin again carme to India. He attacked Bayana, which was under Kumarapala, a Jadon Bhatti Rajput. The ruler avoided a confrontation at Bayana, his capital, but went to Thankar and entrenched himself there. He vas, howvever, compelled to surrender. Thankar and Vijayamandirgarh were occupied and put under Bahauddin Tughril
- ^ Ahmad Hasan Dani et al. History of civilizations of Central Asia, vol. IV, Delhi, Motilal Banarsidass Pub. (1999) ISBN 81-208-1409-6, p182
- ^ Enc. Islam, article: Muhammad, Mu'izz al-Din
- ^ Michel Biran, The Empire of the Qara Khitai in Eurasian History, (Cambridge University Press, 2005), 70.