Characteristic | proximal tubule | loop of Henle | Distal convoluted tubule | Collecting duct system |
S1 | S2 | S3 | descending limb | thin ascending limb | thick ascending limb | connecting tubule | initial collecting tubule | cortical collecting ducts | medullary collecting ducts |
reabsorption (%) | | | | | | | | | | | |
reabsorption (mmoles/day) | | | | | | | | | | |
Concentration (mM) | 115[1] | | 135[1] | | | | | | | | |
electrical driving force (mV) | −3[2] | | +3[2] | | | +15[2] | −5 to +5[2] | | | −40[2] | |
chemical driving force (mV) | | | | | | | | | | |
electrochemical driving force (mV) | (positive) [3] | | | | | | | | | |
apical transport proteins | (passively)[3] | | - Cl-formate exchanger
- Cl-oxalate exchanger
- Cl−-OH− exchanger
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basolateral transport proteins | | | | | | | | | | chloride channels β intercalated cells: Cl−HCO3− exchanger[1] |
Other reabsorption features | | | | | | | | | | | |
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